Device for operating the movable mechanism of firearms



Jan. 9, 1.951

DEvcE ma OPERATING THE MovABLE MECHANISM oF FmEARMs Filed sept. 1, 1948 l v 2 sheets-sheet V1 E MM/,m S x w @f E m M E... E f f v T/ c t 11s mN ,l A It i l l if c l w .u 2 m Qwg s @Q w l la. o m mm mm nm 2 m n m w n N @N @m mm @m @mmm Q Q m DEVICE FOR OPERATING THE MOVABLE MECHANISM 0F FIREARMS Filed Sept. l, 1948 V. CERRELLA Jan.4 9, 1951 2 Sheets-Sheet 2A mm Q ,om E m mw mm mm E Q TQ Q E n@ mm MUM.

INVENTOR CERRELLA AGENTS l Patented Jan. 9, 1951 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE DEVICE FOR OPERATING THE MOVABL-E MECHANISM 0F FIBEARMS Vicente Cartella,I Buenos Aires, Argentina Application september 1, 194s, serial No. 47,218

- In Argentina August 18, 1 948 1 claim. 1

, armk of the class described' bringing about a technical solution of the basic `principle of taking advantage of the combustion gases (generated due to the impact of the striking member on the percussion cap of the cartridge) as a powering agent forA the retractile motion for a Ashiftable member or the striker, and, through the mediation of the latter, leading to the unlocking of the self-firing device or devices.

Said device is intended vfor such firearms in which the ignition of gunpowder is brought about, either through striking action, piercing or any other effect, the pressure of the gases led through a hole or bore in the breech being used as a power means.

In the carrying into practice'of the present invention, the main advantage attained resides in the simplicity of the mechanism due to the reducticnin the number of parts required as compared to known devices for the same purpose, a fact which in turn secures the no lesser advantage of reducing next to impossibility the causes of accidents due to troubles in connection with the mechanism.

'Ihe advantageous use by the principle of the present invention, of the combustion gases resulting from the ignition of the explosive charge due to the striking of the percussion cap of the cartridge, obtained by the mechanical combination of the movable members referred to hereinbefore, may be applied to any type of firearm for using the combustion gases of the explosive charge, caused, either by striking action, piercing or any other manner apt to cause the explosion of the gunpowder or similar substance contained in the cartridge.

A further factor of the invention resides in the fact that one of the movable members associated to the striker and exercising the function of locking the action thereof, will eiect such function before the striker contacts the percussion cap.

Another factor of the invention and resulting from the locking of the firing mechanism consists in ellectively blocking the cartridge. which 2 neutralizing the dangers inherent to the early impact of the striker against the percussion cap, which is the cause of manyaccidents with firearms of the existing kind.

Still another factor of this invention consists in a movable member adapted to unlock on its backward travel and to take along the firing mechanism, being integral with one of the members of the device and freeing the cap, this cycle being of automatic action and cooperating towards obtaining a sensible increase in the successive number of shots red.

In short, the device referred to will fulfill the technical purpose of improving any type and system of present-time firearms not only inv respect of the factors setforth hereinbeforefbut also vas regards the safety and precision of the shot,r inasmuch as the vibrations caused in the firearm during the quick sequence of rings are zo largely damped, due to the fact that the coaxial g5 fully understoodand readily carried into practice, the same has been disclosed in the accompanying drawings showing by -way of example a practical embodiment of the device concerned, and wherein: f

Figure l is a fragmentary view in longitudinal section of a firearm, depicting the zone thereof corresponding to the application of the device according to the invention. a

Figures 2 to 6 show the assembly of parts disclosed in Figure l, with the elements vforming the device in their respective positions corresponding to a Bring cycle.

In all these views the same reference numbers are used to show equal or corresponding parts,

The device according to the invention comprises the following arrangement of' elements: A lock formed by a cylindrical member l. having an axial passage 2, which is extended into a co, axial zone 3 of larger diameterI and opening into the recess 4. Said lock has a transverse passage 5, this being the path for the ejection of the caps detached fromj the butt a of the cartridge b, provided with the projectile c, said butt being adjusted within the recess 4 of the lock I, whereas the cartridge b and the projectile c will be lodged within the breech 6 of the barrel l, said breech opening at its rear end into a widenedv recess 8 permitting of the correct adjustment in closed position of the concurrent ends of the lock implies a maximum safety for the shooter. by 56 and the barrel.

The lock I has at its rear end II, substantially resilient fins, or rigid fins, either in fixed or detachable relation, I2, said ns having at their free ends, pieces I3 of special shape for the purpose which will be referred to in detail hereinafter.

The passage 2 constitutes the guiding zone for the striker pin I4 having its striking end I5 aligned to be carried into impact against the percussion cap of the cartridge. Said striking pin is provided with an enlarged portion I6 the shoulder I6 whereof forms a stop for the forward motion of the firing pin towards the percussion cap, whereas by its rear end I1 the distance with regard to the opposite face I8 of another shiftable part IBB is dened. permitting by the reciprocating motion of said part IBa the locking or unlocking of the lock I.

The part I8, which is coaxial and slidable with regard to the striker pin, has a forward end zone I9 which is widened forming an annular projecting portion 20, acting by way of an anvil to receive the impact of the enlarged portion I8, by its backward momentum, solidly with the motion of the striking pin when the latter recedes on being impelled by the gases. I'he same part I8 has a tapering zone 23, forming a guiding surface for the sliding of the pieces I3, andat its rear end, said enlarged surface 22 has an external annular projecting rim 24, provided in the actuating extension of the rear end 25 of the special pieces I3, which at said end limit the travel of the member I8.

The striker pin I4 is secured to the hub formed by ra cylindrical member 26, slidably lodged with an alternating rectilinear motion in a tubular 'guiding member 21, integral with the butt-not shown-of the weapon carrying the' mechanism for actuating the firing action. Said tubular guiding member is secured by its forward end to a retaining ring 28, keeping the lock I in position against the barrel 1, due to the contact of its end 29 with the rear end 25 of the special pieces I3 in the manner to be detailed hereinafter.

The working of the device described in its different stages proceeds as follows: Considering the position shown in Figure 1, corresponding to the loading stage of the weapon: in this position the cartridge b is disposed in front of the lock being pushed by the latter towards the breech 6 and being lodged therein as shown in Figure 2, said lock closing the recess 8 of the end l0 of the barrel 1. Infthis position the lock is not yet definitely locked. On arriving at the position shown in Figure 2, the part I8n is caused to move forwardly, being impelled by the mass integral with the lock I4, locking the latter against the ring 28 due to the contact thereagainst by the special formations I3, see Figure 3; with the end 29 of ring 28, while the striker pin continues its forward travel until reaching the percussion cap of the cartridge, and striking same to cause the ignition of the explosive substance, thereby entering into the fourth part of the cycle; Figure 4, corresponding to the backward travel of the striker pin, caused by the combustion gases, shows that the latter, on passing through the bores e of the cartridge shell, will tear the cap out of the shell and force said cap into the passage 3, which in turn will push the striker pin I4 backwardly and its block 26, which on receding stores up energy in the recoil springnot shownof the x'ing mechanism, is also pushed backwardly, whereby the device enters into the fth stage of the cycle; Figure 5 shows that the striker pin I4 transmits the backward motion to the member I8 through mediation of the rear end I1 of the enlarged portion I6, unlocking the lock I from the ring 28, during which backward motion the cap d on striking the rear edge 30 of the widened passage 3, will become detached from the end of the striker p in I5 and fall out of the lock through the passage 5, under the action of the gases, the device entering into the sixth and last stage of the cycle, see Figure 6, showing the receding motion of the lock I beyond the travel necessary to give way to the new cartridge. At this stage the ejector of the firearm will expel the empty shell b as shown in dotted lines and the magazine will place into position a new cartridge. When this is done, the recoil spring will push the mass forwardly, the cycle recommencing as clearly shown in Figure 1 which discloses the moment at which said mass reaches the member I8.

From what has been specied and disclosed in the accompanying drawings the structural and functional features distinguishing the device of the present invention are to be clearly seen, it

being unnecessary to enter into further comments on the particular, except to establish the right of the inventor to introduce modifications in detail with regard to the structural form and functional relation between the members and parts integrating the device, without departing from the limits and scope of the appended claim. l

Having now particularly ascertained and described the nature of the present invention and in what manner the same is to be carried intol practice, it is hereby declared that what is claimed to be of exclusive invention and property, is:

In a freiarm bolt mechanism including a striker pin retractible from firing position-by pressure of combustible gases, and wherein the cartridge includes a percus-sion cap receiving the pressure of the gases and acting directly on the striker pin, an axial bore in the bolt communicating with the fire-arm breech, the cap and the pin being slidable in said bore, a radial bore communicating with said axial bore and-with the exterior of the bolt, means for defiecting the cap from the axial into the radial bore, and means for centering the bolt and breech whereby the cap and axial bore are axially aligned before firing.

VICENTE CERRELLA.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in .they

le 0f this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,081,983 Pedersen Dec. 23, 1913 1,096,679 Chronis May 12, 1914 1,587,003 Kewsh -4-- Junel, 1926 2,370,189 Penney Feb. 27, 1945 

